The History of Aikido

Aikido is a modern Japanese martial art developed in the early 20th century, with technical roots in the classical system of Daitō-ryū Aiki-jūjutsu.

While some traditions trace the origins of aiki-based techniques back to early samurai history, much of this is based on oral tradition rather than confirmed historical record. What is well documented is the role of Takeda Sōkaku (1859–1943), who systematised and taught Daitō-ryū across Japan. His approach emphasised efficient movement, balance and the ability to control an opponent with minimal force.

One of Takeda’s most notable students was Morihei Ueshiba (1883–1969). Before studying under Takeda, Ueshiba had trained in a number of martial disciplines, including Judo and traditional weapon arts. After beginning his training in Daitō-ryū in 1915, he gradually refined and adapted what he had learned.

Over time, Ueshiba developed a distinct system that placed greater emphasis on blending with an attacker’s movement, rather than meeting force with force. This approach became known as Aikido.

The Principles and Practice of Aikido

Aikido techniques are based on timing, positioning and control, using throws, joint locks and movement to neutralise an attack. As the art evolved, Ueshiba also incorporated a strong philosophical element, focusing on harmony, awareness and the resolution of conflict without unnecessary harm.

Today, Aikido is practised throughout the world as both a method of self defence and a way to develop balance, coordination and mental focus.